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J Audiol Otol > Volume 24(4); 2020 > Article |
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Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Jae Hee Lee and Hyun Joon Shim. Data curation: Hyo Jeong Kim. Formal analysis: Hyo Jeong Kim and Jae Hee Lee. Methodology: Jae Hee Lee and Hyun Joon Shim. Project administration: Hyun Joon Shim. Supervision: Hyun Joon Shim. Validation: Hyun Joon Shim. Writing—original draft: Hyo Jeong Kim. Writing—review & editing: Jae Hee Lee and Hyun Joon Shim. Approval of final manuscript: all authors.
Aspects | Category | N of subjects (%) |
---|---|---|
Formal musical training scores | Participation in no category (0 point) | 9 (56.25) |
Participation in one category (1 point) | 3 (18.75) | |
Participation in two categories (2 point) | 1 (6.25) | |
Participation in three categories (3 point) | 0 (0) | |
Participation in four categories (4 point) | 0 (0) | |
Participation in five categories (5 point) | 1 (6.25) | |
Participation in all six categories* (6 point) | 2 (12.5) | |
Self-reported musical background | No formal training and only limited knowledge about music | 6 (37.5) |
No formal training or knowledge about music, but informal listening experience | 6 (37.5) | |
Self-taught musician | 0 (0) | |
Some musical training and have basic knowledge of musical terms | 4 (25) | |
Several years of musical training, knowledge about music, and involvement in music groups | 0 (0) | |
Listen to music | 0-2 hours for music listening | 11 (68.75) |
3-5 hours for music listening | 2 (12.5) | |
6-8 hours for music listening | 1 (6.25) | |
More than 9 hours for music listening | 2 (12.5) | |
Enjoyment of music | Little or no satisfaction | 1 (6.25) |
Music is improving over time | 3 (18.75) | |
Music sounds pleasant | 12 (75) | |
Self-perceived quality of music (VAS 1-10) | 1) In general, music sounds unpleasan vs. pleasant | 8.25±1.69 |
2) In general, music sounds mechanical vs. natural | 7.25±2.72 | |
3) In general, music sounds fuzzy vs. clear | 7.06±2.64 | |
4) In general, music does not sound like music vs. sounds like music | 8.00±1.83 | |
5) In general, music sounds complex vs. simple | 6.25±2.84 | |
6) In general, music sounds difficult vs. easy to follow | 5.88±3.07 | |
7) In general, I dislike vs. like very much music | 6.81±3.17 | |
Self-perception of music elements | 1) Can you hear the difference between singing and speaking? | 73.13±24.20 |
1. Never (1%) | 2) Are you able to differentiate between a male and a female vocalist? | 84.63±19.61 |
2. Seldom (12%) | 3) Are you able to follow the rhythm of a music piece? | 65.38±25.80 |
3. Occasionally (25%) | 4) Are you able to recognize the melody of a music piece? | 54.50±32.28 |
4. Half-the-time (50%) | 5) Are you able to differentiate the instruments in a piece of music? | 50.75±22.63 |
5. Generally (75%) | 6) Can you follow the lyrics of a song? | 48.31±27.33 |
6. Almost always (87%) | ||
7. Always (99%) |